Prof. Dr. Mahipal S. Sachdev, Padma Shri Awardee,
Chairman , Center For Sight Group of Eye Hospitals
A blood clot in eye, often showing
as a red spot in the eye is medically called a subconjunctival haemorrhage. It
occurs when tiny blood vessels under the conjunctiva break and leak blood.
While the appearance may seem serious, it is usually harmless and tends to
clear on its own within 1-2 weeks.
However, understanding its causes,
symptoms, and treatment options can help you know when medical
intervention may be necessary.
What Is a Blood Clot in the Eye?
A blood clot in the eye happens
when tiny blood vessels within the eye rupture, leaking blood under the
conjunctiva (the transparent surface layer of the eye). This can lead to a red
or dark spot that looks like a blood clot but is technically a pooling of
blood, similar to a bruise. Known medically as a subconjunctival haemorrhage,
this condition is usually painless and often resolves on its own. However, in
some cases, it may indicate an underlying health issue, especially if it is
recurrent.
Blood Clot in Eye Causes: Why It
Happens
Several factors can lead to a blood
clot in the eye. Common causes are:
- Physical strain: Heavy lifting, intense
coughing, or even sneezing can cause blood vessels in the eye to break,
resulting in a subconjunctival haemorrhage.
- Eye trauma: Injuries to the eye, even minor ones, can
rupture blood vessels, leading to the appearance of a blood spot in the
eye.
- High blood pressure: Elevated blood pressure can
make blood vessels more susceptible to rupture, increasing the risk of
blood clots in the eye.
- Blood-thinning medications: Medications like aspirin
or anticoagulants may predispose the blood vessels in the eye to break.
- Diabetes: Diabetes can also increase the chances of a
broken blood vessel in the eye.
- Contact lens use: Improper use of contact lenses, including inserting or removing
them with excessive force, can result in a subconjunctival haemorrhage.
Blood Clot in Eye Symptoms
Common blood clot in eye symptoms
include:
- Bright red patch on the white part of the
eye – the
most noticeable symptom.
- Mild irritation - usually not
painful.
- A sensation of fullness in eye without pain - discomfort but no
sharp pain.
- Slight swelling of the conjunctiva - giving a puffy or
raised appearance.
How Is a Blood Clot in the Eye
Diagnosed
If you notice a blood spot in the
eye or experience recurrent episodes, consulting
an eye specialist is advisable. An ophthalmologist will conduct a
visual examination during a consultation to confirm. In some cases, especially
if the bleeding is recurrent or extensive, additional tests such as blood
pressure measurement or blood tests may be recommended to rule out systemic
causes like hypertension, diabetes, or clotting disorders.
Once a diagnosis has been made, the
ophthalmologist will suggest a treatment for broken blood vessels in the eye.
Blood Clot in Eye Treatment: How to
Heal Faster
Most cases of blood clots in the
eye resolve without medical intervention. Typically, it will heal on its own
within one to two weeks. The red spot gradually fades as the body reabsorbs the
blood. However, in some cases, the following protocols may be followed:
- Artificial tears: Over-the-counter
artificial tears can provide relief from any mild irritation or dryness
associated with the bleeding.
- Avoidance of blood-thinning medications: If the bleeding is
linked to blood-thinning medications, your doctor may adjust your dosage
or suggest alternative options.
- Protective eyewear: If the bleeding is due
to trauma, protective eyewear may be recommended to prevent further
injuries.
- Monitor for underlying conditions: In cases where high
blood pressure or diabetes is identified as a potential cause of
subconjunctival haemorrhage, managing these conditions becomes crucial for
prevention.
This is the usual line of
subconjunctival haemorrhage treatment followed by ophthalmologists in India and
everywhere else.
How to Prevent Blood Clots in the
Eye
To avoid frequent red spot in the
eye treatment:
- Manage chronic conditions (hypertension,
diabetes)
- Wear protective eyewear during risky activities
- Use lubricating drops for comfort
- Avoid excessive eye rubbing
Stay hydrated and follow a balanced
diet
Conclusion
Recognising the symptoms and
understanding the causes of blood clots in the eye can help manage and prevent
future occurrences. Proper care, attention to overall health, and lifestyle
adjustments can reduce the risk of developing a blood clot and maintain healthy
eyes.
